Psychology Lifespan Essay Example for Free

Psychology Lifespan Essay Ellen DeGeneres never thought that announcing she was a lesbian would have been a big deal. She knew then that what she was doing would caused questions and controversy but not in a way where she would be considered the poster child for the Gay Community. The way Ellen came out to the world was a bigger shock to her than it was to her audience. This is when Ellen realized that she changed more than her own life coming out. Her fan base got bigger and her life opened up for the greater good. She felt like coming out should not change what she would be doing for humanity. On Ellen’s 50th birthday, she decided to raise money and get notice to her hometown, New Orleans, Louisiana, some help for the August 2005 Hurricane Katrina. This storm was one of the most deadly storms in United States history. During the storm the federal flood protection system failed and the levee broke, flooding 80% of the city and surrounding cities for weeks. Since Ellen had connections with many other celebrities, she used those connections to get help for her city. Brad Pitt was one of the celebrities that had a foundation going for rebuilding homes in New Orleans. With the help of Ellen putting out the foundation through her television show, Brad was able to get 150 homes built. She showed her passion for helping out when she told the world why this fundraiser was important to her. She shows that the place she looked at as home and helped made her who she was Ellen DeGeneres has been an inspiration to people for the past twelve years. Ellen’s life had just begun. Ellen DeGeneres came into the world January 26, 1956 in Jefferson, Louisiana at the Oschner Foundation Hospital. In the book, Love, Ellen: A Mother/Daughters Journey (1999), Betty Degeneres, Ellen’s mother, said that she was a miracle. Ellen’s father didn’t want anymore chidren after her brother was born, four years earlier. He thought that one child was sufficient enough. But Betty was determined to convince him that they should try again for another child. According to Lisa Iannucci (2009) Ellen was just a normal child, she played with her sibling and played outside like any other child would do at that age. She was a tomboy that wore fancy dresses and played with Barbie dolls. She once had dreams of becoming a naturalist or zoologist. She had a love and passion for animals and wanted to later join the Peace Corps to study the apes in Africa. Growing up Ellen had a fascination for great comedians such as Jack Benny, George Gorbel, and the comedy team Bob and Ray. Watching these comics entertain crowds was a little informal training of Ellen’s career in the later years. Ellen discovered the benefits of comedy when her mother divorced her dad. Her mother had been so down and depressed that Ellen knew she could cheer her up with a laugh. Ellen used this same comedic value to get through the very tough times in her life. When Ellen was sixteen she started partying, becoming rebellious, and hanging out with the wrong crowds. In her small town of Metairie, she would drink beer with her friends and stay out all night. This was her reaction to her mother getting remarried in 1974 to a salesman. Her mother wanted to remove her from the city, so the salesman got a new job in Atlanta, Texas. The DeGeneres family packed up and moved to Atlanta. While in Texas, Ellen started to fit into her new life there. Ellen started dating her first boyfriend, Ben Heath. Her brother Vance was in a band in high school and was receiving a lot of attention. Ellen wanted some of this attention that her brother was getting and was starting to have dreams of becoming famous. Ellen craved for people to like her, she wanted to try to find a way to become famous so people would like her and want to be her friend. Ellen’s family looked like the perfect family from the outside, but something dark and eerie was going on inside. Behind close doors the salesman was crude and bossy and Ellen did not like who he was. During this time Ellen’s mother found out that she had breast cancer. She ended up having a mastectomy and had to do physical therapy and rehabilitation. Betty tried to hide her cancer from Ellen but she needed Ellen’s help to recover. This is when Ellen and her mother became close. During this time of recovery, the salesman molested Ellen. She didn’t want to get her mother upset so she didn’t mention it to her, while she was recovering. When her stepfather tried to molester again, she ran away to a friend’s house. Ellen left Atlanta, Texas and move back to Louisiana with her father after she graduated high school. Once Ellen moved to Louisiana, she enrolled into the University of New Orleans, to major in Communications. Ellen soon found out that college wasn’t for her and dropped out after one semester. Ellen started to search for a career since college didn’t go as planned. During this time of finding a career, Ellen was also finding herself. She was holding another secret about her sexuality from family and friends. She was starting to feel confused about her sexuality. This could have been a result of the nuture factor. Her homosexuality could have been triggered from her stepfather molesting her. Nurture refers to the childhood and how an individual grew up (MacKinnon, 1962). She liked boys in the beginning; she had some boyfriends in the past, but she was never really attracted to men. Once Ellen figured out what sexual orientation that she was, she started dating women but still haven’t broke the news to her family. She decided to tell her mom one day while they were walking along the beach. She started to cry, not because she was afraid, but because she was now free of this secret that she was holding. Her mom embraced her and accepted Ellen’s fate. During this time that Ellen came out about her sexuality, it was forbidden doing those times. In the 1950s consensual gay sex was a felony. The gay communities were trying to fight for rights in the 1960s but were still getting tortured and shunned. Betty started to be afraid for Ellen. Being homosexual was considered to be a mental health disorder by the psychiatric community. The National Gay Task Force Foundation was founded in 1973, in New York, and worked to change the American Psychiatric Association’s grouping of homosexuality as a mental heath problem. Ellen’s brother accepted the news well, but Ellen’s father did take it very well. He later kicked Ellen out of the house, thinking that she would influence her stepsiblings. He later helped her get an apartment and admitted that he regretted what he did to her. Ellen acquired many jobs; she sold clothes, was a bartender, washed cars, shucked oysters, and wrapped gifts. Just like she knew that college wasn’t for her, these jobs weren’t satisfying her neither, she was hungry to do something more. She now knew that she wanted to make people laugh for the rest of her life. She began performing at a few small venues in New Orleans. Her routines were different than other comedians of her time such as, Eddie Murphy, Chris Rock, and Richard Pryor. The difference between them and her was he bits didn’t have vulgarity and sexual references. Ellen joked about her everyday life and experiences. She did this to relate to her audiences. Ellen started to take off in her career. She started competing in comedy competition where she placed first in the â€Å"Funniest Person in America† competition. She later went to open for a few acts in Las Vegas where the producer from â€Å"The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson† was there and asked her to come on the show. Once she performed on the Tonight Show, this put her career in overdrive and she became a superstar. She became the first female comedic to seat on the big couch on the Tonight Show. She ended up coming back on six more times in two years. She later got a minor role on Open House in 1989. It was a spin-off of the fox show Duet. She then went and filmed her first HBO special Young Comedian Reunion, in 1986. Two years later she appeared in HBO’s Women of the Night. She got a small role in the movie The Coneheads, and got her own sitcom on ABC called These Friends of Mine. Ellen revealed her true sexual preference in Time magazine April 1997 issue. In this issue she talked about her life as a gay woman and hiding who she was in the comedian community. She made her character on her television show Ellen also comes out of the closet. This caused some controversy for the Christian religion organizations. She made her first appearance publicly with her sexuality at the White House Correspondents Dinner with actress Anne Heche on her arm. In 1998 Ellen honored at the 9th Annual GLAAD Media Awards with the Stephen F. Kolzak Award. Ellen now was fighting for her lesbian life on and off the television. Her mother started to become an advocate to her daughter’s lifestyle. Betty started volunteering at the Human Rights Campaign. Her mother became the first nongay national spokesperson for the Human Rights Campaign. She was helping to encourage and assist gay people in coming out and living honestly. Her mother also became an active member of Parents, Family, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays (PFLAG). In 2003 Ellen started her own daytime television talk show called The Ellen Degeneres Show. People were afraid that Ellen would just bring up gay themes through out the show and didn’t want it to go on air. Once people got over the fact that Ellen was gay, her show started to skyrocket on television ratings. It was the television show that Ellen had always wanted. She could make people laugh and every loved her. In season two the show won five daytime Emmys. In 2005 Ellen won a Grammy for having the best comedy album for the audio portion of her book. She also won some awards at the People’s Choice Awards. While her show was getting good ratings, she met her current wife, Portia de Rossi. She met Portia at a photo shoot in 2004. Ellen and Portia quickly fell in love. They both ended their current relationships and started dating in 2005. They went on to get married in 2008 after California passed the Same-Sex Marriage Act. With all of Ellen’s life decisions, it had to do with her social and emotional development. She was always able to make transitions from one activity to another. Her ability to start a new when it came to her many careers before she found the right one was an example of her social/emotional development (Roeser, Eccles, Sameroff, 2000). She showed cooperation with others when she was getting ridiculed for her coming out, but she stayed humbled and didn’t let it get to her (Webb, 1994).

Charlie Chan :: essays papers

Charlie Chan Charlie Chan/ â€Å"Rush Hour† movies similar in actors playing similar characters, different in production values and tones. In both of the movies the black actors use coon characteristics. Whereas in Charlie Chan movies Mantan Moreland has the descriptive pop eyes that are mentioned in coon characteristics (Bogle72-74). He uses this high-pitched voice when he speaks (Bogle72-74). He also is shown in the movies when he dances in certain situations. He is known for one of the movies greatest clowns, And in many cases his comic relief is very sudtle. Chris Tucker one of the best comedians in this day and age. Tucker has been known also for his pop eyes (Bogle 72-74). In both of his movies, â€Å"Rush Hour† and â€Å"Rush Hour 2† he dances to varies types of music. He also has this high voice, that seems to be somewhat annoying (Bogle 72-74). He uses his dancing skills to bring laughter to the audience. Tucker is a natural clown in all of his movies; he clowns during serious situation, and constantly brings a joke to the problems that have arisen. Chris Tucker has his way of bringing comedy to the picture. In the movies that he has been pictured in has constant comedy. His comedy is everlasting and doesn’t stop for anything. Both Charlie Chan and Jackie Chan (Lee) play a detective in their films. Charlie Chan doesn’t speak very much English in his movies. He is very patient with his partner and the way that he handles things. His demeanor is set to be very intelligent, undercover, Low profile, and patient (Charlie Chan’s Secret 2). Jackie Chan also has some of the same characteristics as Charlie Chan does. In the movies, Jackie Chan has to always try to fix some of the problems that his partner creates. Most of the time when trying to solve certain cases, he likes to be the undercover, low profile officer, same as Charlie Chan. His demeanor is to never let his guard down, but at the same time keep focused on case. In Charlie Chan movies, which were made in the thirties and forties. The picture is made in black and white. At that time the color for these types of movies was not as popular. The running time of the movie was 60 minutes.

Language Anxiety Essay

Learning and teaching a language can be considered by many as a very challenging and demanding task due to what the process itself implies. Could you imagine how each language learner feels when he/ she is asked to perform an activity or just to speak in front of the class? Some of them will feel very comfortable but what about those whose hearts often pound really hard, break out in a cold sweat and find it difficult to catch their breath. The disorders introduced previously corresponds to what a considerable quantity of foreign language learners face whenever they are asked to do something in the classroom known as: Anxiety, a term linked to an unpleasant feeling but which can also be helpful when learning a language. To begin with, anxiety in the language learning is considered as one of the most important affective factors, which has been studied since the 1970s. It is important to know what anxiety is, in general terms anxiety is a psychological construct that is described as a state of apprehension, a vague fear that is only indirectly associated with an object (Hilgard, Atkinson, & Atkinson, 1971). It can also be defined as a subjective feeling of tension, apprehension, nervousness, and worry associated with an arousal of the automatic nervous system (McIntyre & Gardner, 1994) or in simple words it is described as a feeling of nervousness or worry. But making a relationship between language and anxiety it is found that according to what McIntyre (1999) stated, language anxiety is the worry and negative emotional reaction aroused when learning a second language. Secondly, anxiety has been found to be a negative feeling but helpful in some ways when learning a language. According to Hortwitz (1986) facilitating or helpful anxiety motivates learners to fight the new learning task, making them to expend extra efforts to overcome their feelings of anxiety. This type of positive anxiety is necessary since students who are not anxious under any condition will feel too relax and they will not even care about their learning process which will cause them to fail at learning a language. F or example, a student who feels anxious but he uses it positively as a way to motivate him to pass the course and learn the target language successfully will obtain excellent results. However, there is a probable risk that is helpful anxiety can easily become harmful anxiety. It is claimed that one third of students learning a foreign language experience some kind of anxiety (Horwitz, et al., 1986). Students facing anxiety is a real and common phenomenon that takes place in the classroom which is normal and helpful at some point but when the level of anxiety starts increasing without any control it will be very harmful so that students should be very careful and recognize the anxiety and do something positive about it before they react to this negative anxiety in a very negative way. What is more, according to some experts as the one mentioned previously Horwitz stated that helpful anxiety occurs only in the accomplishment of simple learning tasks, but not with more complicated learning such as language learning. Lastly, the type of anxiety is an issue that should be identified in the classroom and overcome possible difficulties related to it. Teachers can identify anxiety due to the fact that most of the time when anxiety takes place there are very observable evidence such as physical symptoms, general avoidance or physical actions but what sometimes is difficult for educators is to tackle in the language learning. Some suggestions have been made for teacher to overcome anxiety such as being supportive, encouraging students to relax through music or games, using fair tests, providing meaningful activities, giving meaningful rewards, being clear about classroom goals, helping students to assess their performance, encouraging risk taking and creating a comfortable environment among others. To conclude, it must be said that learning a language implies many affective factors but anxiety is one of the most relevant and an inevitable feeling among second language learners. The matter is Do my students know how to identify anxiety symptoms and do something positive about it? What is more Do I know what to do to diminish language anxiety? When learning a language the answers to these questions can be the difference. To ignore language anxiety within a classroom is not the solution; it will just drive to failure. References Hilgard, E. R., Atkinson, R. C., & Atkinson, R. L. (1971). Introduction to psychology (5thed.). New York: Harcourt. Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. Modern Language Journal, 70(1), 125-132. MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language Learning, 44, 283-305. Robertson, P & Adamson, J (2011). Language Learning Strategies, Beliefs, and Anxiety in Academic Speaking Task. The Philippine ESL Journal, (7), 95-100. Retrieved from http://www.philippine-esl-journal.com/Volume-7.pdf

Plato the Philosopher Essay - 672 Words

Plato was a philosopher who was born in Athens (470-390 BCE), and was also a student of Socrates. He felt that intelligence and one’s perception belonged to completely independent realms or realities. He believed that general concepts of knowledge were predestined, or placed in the soul before birth even occurred in living things. Plato believed that the cosmos was intelligible, and the the universe was mathematically understandable. He believes that mathematical objects could be seen as perfect forms. Forms, a doctoral of Plato, can be understood as an everyday object or idea, which does not, exists in the everyday realm, but merely is existent in the hypothetical realm or reality. Plato believed that the truths existed†¦show more content†¦Our sensory also give us knowledge of the material world, what we can see or smell. And sensory objects he believed that they were in constant change and were a phenomenon to the physical world. Plato used the concept of the divided line to illustrate the relationship of knowledge to opinion. Metaphysics is investigating principles or reality transcending those of any particular science. Cosmology and Ontology were the traditional branches concerned with the explaining of the ultimate nature of being in the world. Epistemology was also used it is the attempt to answer the basic question of true and untrue knowledge. The study of nature of being, existence or reality in general and its basic categories. A Plato’s Divided Line. A+B= world of forms (Being). C+D= (Becoming) Segments A, B, C, D represent decreasing degrees of truth. Ea. Degree of truth corresponds to different kind of thinking and different level of reality. (A) Level of pure intelligence or understanding the soul directly apprehends truth at highest level. (B) Level of reasoning specifically, mathematical thinking and deductive reasoning. (C) Level of belief or common opinions about physical objects, morals, politics, and practical affairs. (D) Level of illusion, dominated by second hand opinions and uncritical impressions. Plato states that The Form Human does not change-grow-or decay. Aristotle a student of Plato’s for twenty years disagreed with Plato’s views. His basicShow MoreRelatedComparing Plato s Republic, The Philosopher And Plato965 Words   |  4 PagesIn Plato s Republic, the philosopher is sitting having a discussion with his fellow peers and friends. During this conversation each character except Plato offers their opening and reasoning on the question, what is justice. For the majority of the book Plato outlines almost every aspect of his ideal city. Within this city Plato has set up many rule s in order for the city to remain just. All the way from mating rituals to who should rule, virtually all factors have been thought of and serves a specificRead MorePlato, An Ancient Greek Philosopher1458 Words   |  6 Pages Plato, an Ancient Greek Philosopher by Carly Rittenmeyer Bible and the Ancient World Spring 2015 Plato, a Greek Philosopher, is known for his writings that impacted people in the Ancient Greek society. He was a free thinker and lived in a free city, Athens. He was taught by multiple teachers including Socrates who was frequently mentioned in his writings as the central character. Plato’s novel, The Republic, influenced the idea of government and showsRead MorePlato Was A Great Philosopher857 Words   |  4 Pages Plato was a great Greek philosopher that was born 428 B.C.E. in Classical Athens to Ariston and Perictione and died in 348 B.C.E. He is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of all time of western thought. He was the apprentice of Socrates and went on to mentor a student at his school, Aristotle. He had many great accomplishments such as writing the apology and the republic to even opening The Academy. In the early life of Plato in Classical Athens he was raised with his brothers, GlauconRead MorePlato s View On Philosophers1334 Words   |  6 Pages Plato is a philosopher; however, in â€Å"Plato’s Republic,† Plato’s view on philosophers within society is rather unorthodox compared with others who study philosophy. This is due to Plato’s views of individuals each having different skills they are naturally good at; he states that only true philosophers will be fit to rule. All others who attempt to rule will create terrible consequences for a city. The people shun philosophers because they are lovers of knowledge and are perceived to be differentRead MorePlato Was An Ancient Greek Philosopher Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesPlato was an ancient Greek philosopher thought to have been born in 428 B.C, he was the son of Ariston and was brought up in an aristocratic way of life. Because of his social status and connections he obtained through his family, i t was thought he would inevitably end up involved in Athenian political life, but this did not happen to such an extent, a friend of his, Socrates had an enormous effect on him and why he did not end up with a prominent role in politics. He explains this in his SeventhRead MorePlato s Republic And Other Philosophers1409 Words   |  6 Pages Samuel Elenwo HSCI 3013 10/08/2015 A brief disputation on Plato’s Republic and other philosophers in comparison to the purpose of Mathematics As the Greek empire began to spread its sphere of influence into Asia and beyond, the Greeks were smart enough to adopt and adapt useful elements from the societies they conquered. This was as true of their mathematics as anything else, and they adopted elements of mathematics from both the Babylonians and the Egyptians. But they soon started to make importantRead MoreThe Ring Of Gyges By Philosopher Plato775 Words   |  4 Pagesprobability of certain actions or behaviors from happening out of an aversive stimulus. An aversive stimulus is a negative stimulus that suppresses the negative behavior and increases the positive behavior a person should follow to avoid or escape it. Philosopher Plato’s â€Å"The Ring of Gyges† presents the concept of a ring or power that allows one to avoid any consequences by maintaining their secrecy, self-guarding from authorities and total evasion of any wrongdoings. Internet users do not wear the â€Å"RingRead MoreThe Great Philosoph ers Like Aristotle And Plato1943 Words   |  8 Pagesgreat philosophers like Aristotle and Plato, Nagel really brings out some pretty interesting topics that really help your mind think. With the chapters we had to read up on, Nagel challenges us on the topics of us really knowing what reality is, free will, and the meaning of life. Everybody has their way of thinking and their environment, their upbringing have a lot to do with their mentality so when people are shown different other mindsets such as Nagel’s and the many other philosophers peopleRead MoreThe Three Important Philosophers: Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle836 Words   |  4 PagesThere were many important greek philosophers. They all said something that is still known today. Some of these ideas are still accepted today as true. Three of these important philosophers are Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. They have all said something that is still accepted in modern society. Socrates was a greek philosopher that lived from four-hundred-sixty-nine BCE to three-hundred-ninety-nine BCE. He is one of the most influential Greek philosophers. He created the socratic method which, isRead MorePlato Is One Of The Greatest And Well Known Philosophers1388 Words   |  6 Pages Plato is one of the greatest and well known philosophers of all time. Born around 428 BC, Plato grew up in Greece learning from Socrates, another well known philosopher. Later in life, Plato taught Aristotle who was also a well known philosopher. His works of writing and thoughts about life have significantly impacted the Western culture in numerous ways. In selected readings of Plato, he seems to place importance on wisdom, and how to attain wisdom. Plato argues that in order to attain pure knowledge

How to Construct an Index for Research

An index is a composite measure of variables, or a way of measuring a construct--like religiosity or racism--using more than one data item. An index is an accumulation of scores from a variety of individual items. To create one, you must select possible items, examine their empirical relationships, score the index, and validate it. Item Selection The first step in creating an index is selecting the items you wish to include in the index to measure the variable of interest. There are several things to consider when selecting the items. First, you should select items that have face validity. That is, the item should measure what it is intended to measure. If you are constructing an index of religiosity, items such as church attendance and frequency of prayer would have face validity because they appear to offer some indication of religiosity. A second criterion for choosing which items to include in your index is unidimensionality. That is, each item should represent only one dimension of the concept you are measuring. For example, items reflecting depression should not be included in items measuring anxiety, even though the two might be related to one another. Third, you need to decide how general or specific your variable will be. For example, if you only wish to measure a specific aspect of religiosity, such as ritual participation, then you would only want to include items that measure ritual participation, such as church attendance, confession, communion, etc. If you are measuring religiosity in a more general way, however, you would want to also include a more balanced set of items that touch on other areas of religion (such as beliefs, knowledge, etc.). Lastly, when choosing which items to include in your index, you should pay attention to the amount of variance that each item provides. For example, if an item is intended to measure religious conservatism, you need to pay attention to what proportion of respondents would be identified as religiously conservative by that measure. If the item identifies nobody as religiously conservative or everyone as a religiously conservative, then the item has no variance and it is not a useful item for your index. Examining Empirical Relationships The second step in index construction is to examine the empirical relationships among the items you wish to include in the index. An empirical relationship is when respondents’ answers to one question help us predict how they will answer other questions. If two items are empirically related to each other, we can argue that both items reflect the same concept and we can, therefore, include them in the same index. To determine if your items are empirically related, crosstabulations, correlation coefficients, or both may be used. Index Scoring The third step in index construction is scoring the index. After you have finalized the items you are including in your index, you then assign scores for particular responses, thereby making a composite variable out of your several items. For example, let’s say you are measuring religious ritual participation among Catholics and the items included in your index are church attendance, confession, communion, and daily prayer, each with a response choice of yes, I regularly participate or no, I do not regularly participate. You might assign a 0 for does not participate and a 1 for participates. Therefore, a respondent could receive a final composite score of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 with 0 being the least engaged in Catholic rituals and 4 being the most engaged. Index Validation The final step in constructing an index is validating it. Just like you need to validate each item that goes into the index, you also need to validate the index itself to make sure that it measures what it is intended to measure. There are several methods for doing this. One is called item analysis in which you examine the extent to which the index is related to the individual items that are included in it. Another important indicator of an index’s validity is how well it accurately predicts related measures. For example, if you are measuring political conservatism, those who score the most conservative in your index should also score conservative in other questions included in the survey.

The Impact Of Motivation On An Organization s Development

Motivation is what drives people to succeed and reach their goals. This plays an important role in enhancing an organisation’s development. An employee’s motivation can play a big part in organisational behaviour, as it is a fundamental part of how the employee performs in their role and how they assist the organisation in attaining their goals. Self-interest is defined as: â€Å"focus on actions or activities that are advantageous to an individual or organisation. For a business or individual to survive and grow, a degree of self-interest is necessary. When there is too much focus on self-interest the benefits of the group at large diminishes.† (www.businessdictionary.com). Motivation on the other hand is referred to as: â€Å"the forces within a person that affect the direction, intensity and persistence of voluntary behaviour. Motivated employees are willing to exert a particular level of effort (intensity), for a certain amount of time (persistence), towards a particular goal (direction). Motivation is one of the four essential drivers of individual behaviour and performance†. (McShane et.al, 2013, pg. 138). In other words, motivation is in the form of things that stimulates us, and further enhances our knowledge. People do things, not because they have to, but because they’re somewhat interested in the activity or the task that they have to do, and people often learn from these activities, get the results that they want, thus, making them strive to continue working. It is noShow MoreRelatedHow Performance And Employee Satisfaction?957 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding of work motivation utilizing confirmations from occasions which happened in Palm Troy Inc., a manufacturing company that focuses on one division of the organization where all the employees are women. Furthermore, it incorporates how motivation and organization behavior are associated, tossing the light on effect of supervision on organization environment coming about performance of the workers and organization all in all. This additionally incorporates how motivation -A mental processRead MoreCorrelation Between Employee Motivation And Job Performance Essay1098 Words   |  5 PagesHuman resource is vital for any organization. So it is important to manage organizational happiness, so that employees will do their best for the organization. An employee performance appraisal can act as motivation for an employee to improve his productivity. When an employee sees his goals clearly defined and is measured against the set goals and objectives, a need can be identified about the future strategies of employee motivation. In this review, I will look at and explore the multiple argumentsRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Its Importance1517 Words   |  7 Pagesindustrial economy to a knowledge economy era. Economic globalization and improve the level of global competition, organizations have had to make full use of all their resources to ensure its survival and development. As an important resource organization human resource organization also attracted more and more attention. Effective human resource management has become a key organizational development and success. In 1991, the United States, IBM and Tower Perrin consulting firm jointly nearly 3,000 seniorRead MoreRelationship Between Leadership And Motivational Theor ies Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesthey either ignore or unconsciously sideline the impact of motivation. It is not possible to measure motivation directly; it has to be derived from the reports or results of the performance outcomes. The difficulty in making these inferences is due in part to the complex and dynamic nature of the subject and in part to the presence of multiple causative factors. One has to first understand and define the concept of motivation - the concept of motivation in itself lacks a crystalline definition andRead MoreIntroduction. Sns Is A Marketing And Public Relations Company1544 Words   |  7 Pagescommitted to delivering industry savvy public relations services to clients globally. Our mission is to provide world leading strategies that will help create and maintain mutually beneficial relationships with individuals and organizations vital to their growth and development. It is therefore essential that the company provides an atmosphere of leadership, expertise and services that enhance the quality and effectiveness of client’s communications projects and programs. As such, an integral partRead MoreMotivation Theories Of A Diverse Workforce During Times Of Change Essay1696 Word s   |  7 PagesLeadership, Motivation, Change Introduction In this paper two motivation theories in a diverse workforce during times of change will be discuss. Differences, including theoretical premises, between two models will be explained. Details relates to challenges and opportunities in a diverse workforce will identified. Strategies to keep a workforce motivated during organizational change will be point out. Two Motivation Theories To begin this discuss a definition of motivation is presentedRead MoreThe Success Or Failure Of Any Firm Or Organization Depends Upon The Competency And Proficiency Of Its Workforce1584 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment Prof Terrell Aicha Diakite GB 540 The success or failure of any firm or organization depends upon the competency and proficiency of its workforce. To improve the performance of a particular organization and its employees, motivation is required from the workforce. Employee maintenance can be practiced by thoroughly motivating the employees in many ways. In the big organizational environment, it is hard for the supervisor to motivate employees as compared to the small organizationalRead MoreThe Values Of An Organization High Performance1394 Words   |  6 Pages In simple words, culture is the way organizations do their things. This can be seen on things repeatedly done by organizations. Culture and strategy shapes each other. They go hand in hand. Let us imagine of an organization without any traces of its history, how will its corporate culture look like? In such a case, this proves to us that what will come up as a company`s culture is determined by the actions selected by it. In order for a company`s culture to blend well with its strategy, there mustRead MoreMotivator Theories Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pagesselected motivation techniques that will be used for creating Enron as a learning organization. The researcher will provide a description and definition of the motivation technique. Finally, the researcher will provide rationale for the using the selected motivation technique. Description and Definition of Motivation Technique Motivation is the act of getting individuals and/or group to do something that is goal oriented, has an incentive, or positive or negative outcome. Motivation techniqueRead MoreManagement Theories1287 Words   |  6 Pagesorder to satisfy what seemed the endless demands for new goods and services. As corporations and labor forces grew, there was a need to develop a more systematic study of organization and management, known as management theory, the significant being Frederick Taylor s Principles of Scientific Management which involved the development of training workers through special incentives and compensation (Boone p.33). In general, early management scientists tended to believe that there was a single way to organize

Procurement Plan for Algonquin College

Quetion: Discuss about the Procurement Plan for Algonquin College. Answer: Algonquin College one year strategic plan sets the institution's mission, value, and vision. Primarily, the procurement plan aims at ensuring that the required number of vehicles is supplied at the right time, place, cost, and quality. Algonquin College is a complex institution left with the responsibility for procurement endeavors devoted to departments or business units, schools, and faculties. The procurement manager and contract administrators in Algonquin College are responsible for supporting purchasing activities. Analysis of the market A select team has been identified to conduct a thorough market analysis. It is has been proposed that the team members to carry out the market analysis should undergo suitable training to perfect on their skills and aptitude. Undertaking training before the actual market analysis exercise will guarantee the college splendid marketing research results (Abramson, Harris, 2003). Objectives The procurement team aims at comprehending how the supply market functions as well as understanding the direction in which the market is heading. Besides, the institution wants to figure out the level of competition and the leading suppliers within the vehicle market. Furthermore, it is vital for Algonquin College to discover whether there are innovations of vehicles and how they are being sold. In the actual process of conducting the market analysis, the responsible team will also purpose to collect various intricacies regarding the vehicle market. Apart from studying on how supply markets works, they will as well consider comprehending how the goods are typically sold. In addition, the marketing specialists will attempt to figure out the best pricing model for this type of market and whether the dealers are selling or leasing out their goods or concentrating entirely on providing transportation services. Moreover, according to the procurement top executives in Algonquin College, it is critical for them to know whether there is a disparity between how the vehicles are purchased at the consumer level as opposed to the enterprise level. As a result, the market analysts will aim at realizing the existence of such a difference to help the managers in making their purchasing decisions. Another primary objective of the marketing specialists will be to acquire a rough estimate of who the leading suppliers are as well as the number of other key players in the vehicles market. Besides, they will purpose to comprehend the possibility of monopolistic behaviors taking place in the market of interest. A thorough market analysis will enable the procurement team to understand the most opportune time to procure goods and also figure out whether the market is susceptible to seasonality. Statement of Action The Procurement and contract administrator in conjunction with the market analysts will consult existing dealers of vehicles in the market to advise them on how supply market operates. Ideally, just like any other market, vehicle market adheres to the law of demand and supply. The interaction of the suppliers and the procurers in the market assist the former in determining the prevailing price, thus distributing limited goods efficiently. The sellers take the prices offered into consideration when deciding how many vehicles to manufacture. The law of demand provides that the higher the price of a given commodity, the higher the quantity supplied. Besides, market forecasters will be identified to explain to the team members on the direction in which the vehicle market is going. Based on the prevailing economic conditions in this locality, it appears that there might be no significant changes in the future of the vehicle market, substantial enough to affect the purchasing operations of Algonquin College. In the attempt to understand the competitiveness and the primary suppliers found within the market of interest, the responsible procurement personnel will identify the competitors, competition levels, their strengths, and weaknesses. Understanding competitiveness in the supply market assists procurement planning and continuing management of supply preparations. For instance, in a classic vehicle market, there is a high degree of competition which will certainly create more options for Algonquin College. Identification of competitors is critical to the institution since it reduces risk, expenses, and other unnecessary resources which might be required (McCue, Johnson, 2010). Further, the contract managers will examine the history of the market to figure out whether there are vehicle brands innovations or not and if there how they being sold. Recently, public procurement is being viewed as having significant ability to drive innovation in the market. In spite of this interest, various hindrances hinder the public sector from bringing in new brands in the market. The primary barrier to innovation in this type of a market is poor interactions between the buyers and the suppliers. As a result, in this vehicle market the analysts will realize that there are few or no innovations and if there, their prices will be higher comparatively due to their scarcity. Ordinarily, goods in a vehicle market are sold on cash on delivery basis. The term cash in this case is replaceable with the word collect to include other modes of payments such as smart cards or checks. Various motives might incentivize Algonquin College to use Comparison of Competitive Bids as their price analysis technique. This is achieved by asking at least three suppliers of the same product of their prices hence enabling the institution to determine the validity of the prices for vehicles. Moreover, understanding the terms of service of the vehicle dealers in the market is critical. For example, the chances are that Algonquin College is need of vehicles to provide transportation services within the institution and not for sale. As a result, the managers might consider leasing out instead of buying in case the former decision is cost-effective. In connection to this, comprehending the disparity in prices between enterprise and customer purchases is important since it helps the procurement executives in making further decisions. However, it is a common trend for purchases at a consumer level to be relatively higher than in the enterprise level. A vehicle market is composed of several players such as the manufacturers, suppliers, buyers, legislators among others. It is important for Algonquin College procurement team to figure out the number of players in the targeted market to act as an enabler in knowing other intricacies such as levels of competition, the possibility of monopolistic behaviors, the best time to place bids and whether the market is subject to seasonality. Thorough knowledge of such critical details will enable the procurement team to make well-informed acquisition decisions Engagement strategy It is necessary for the procurement managers and contract administrators to engage the targeted industry on the procurement plan of Algonquin College. Market engagement allows the procurement team to communicate their requirements to the suppliers as well as discussing the best course of action (Mosey Wiley InterScience (Online service), 2009). Moreover, the engagement will help the management to change and improve the procurement strategy. Objectives In the pre-procurement engagement process, the team will focus on implementing a suitable method to engage the suppliers in their plan successfully. Besides, the engagement strategy is meant to take into consideration the industry dynamics and factors spotted in the first stage of market analysis. Algonquin College needs to acquire a sound knowledge of the composition, size and nature of the vehicle market they are aiming at depending on for supplies. Statement of Action Algonquin College procurement team will design an engagement plan suitable for this exercise. The acquisition team members will meet with the vehicle industry bodies to engage them on its annual procurement strategy. During this process, the team will seek for solutions to the dynamics identified in the marketing analysis phase. The institution representatives will issue a Request for Information intending the dealers to provide information on market trends such as levels of competition, a presence of innovations and the perceived direction of the vehicle market (In Edquist, In Vonortas, In Zabala-Iturriagagoitia In Edler, 2016). Procurement plan The procurement and contract managers in Algonquin College have the sole responsibility of initiating an administration approach to ensure sustainability of the acquisition program for one year period. Besides, proper methods of procurement and methodologies are vital for the success of this exercise (In Cruz-Cunha, In Moreira, In Varajao, 2014). At this juncture also the procurement team is supposed to discuss on how re-occurring findings, continuing deliveries, and new vehicle requests will be managed. Objectives Algonquin College procurement team purposes to establish a suitable management approach to manage the procurement process of vehicles for a period of one year. In addition, the contractors and managers focus on coming up with splendid acquisition techniques as well as evaluation methodology to track the progress of the exercise. At this point also procurement administrators in the institution are obliged to establish the most suitable criteria to be used in procuring vehicles in the industry. Moreover, Algonquin College intends to propose how re-occurring procurements, continuous supplies and new entreaties for more vehicles will be managed. Statement of Action The procurement administrators and contractors will issue a procurement management framework that will act as an enabler allowing the select team and the managers to manage their dealings in the market in a consistent manner. Besides, the responsible personnel will implement the framework and launch it in a supported system through a workshop. Further, in conjunction with the business units in Algonquin College, the managers and procurement contractors will establish online procurement strategies to monitor the progress of the exercise with ease (Dominick, Lunney, 2012). The criteria for acquisition of vehicles will follow two fundamentals. First, a select team will do research, budget and describe the kind and quality of vehicles that best suit their demand. After defining the most suitable vehicle needed, the institution will take a look at the available goods in the market before the actual purchase. Moreover, the procurement managers will establish a training and improvement pro gramme that will enable the stakeholders to manage re-occurring findings, ongoing supplies and new requests for vehicles. Procurement Risk Assessment Procurement process just like any other typical business activity is vulnerable to risks. There exist some perils in defining requirement and planning supplies as well as deciding on the proper procurement methodologies (Russill, 2010). Procurement administration is therefore obliged to implement proper methodologies towards solving problems and mitigating risks. Objectives Algonquin College is focusing on identifying the potential hazards bound to deter the procurement progression as well as the administration procedure. Besides, the institution intends to determine the subsections of the process more prone to risks and which once the peril occurs can lead to substantial losses. The other objective of the college is to establish effective approaches to curbing risks occurrences and reducing their impact if they happen to take place. Statement of Action The procurement management team in conjunction with the contract administrators will select a risk management team and train the associates to equip them with the necessary aptitudes to identify risks, their sources either internal or external and initiate procedures to mitigate them. The selected team will be left with the responsibility to estimate the prospective impact of the risk in case it occurs. In collaboration with the risk assessment and mitigation team, the procurement managers will apply risk assessment matrix tool which will allow them to view the probable risks evaluation in terms of probability of its occurrence and severity of the repercussions (Olson, Wu, 2010). Value Proposition Currently, incorporation of social and environmental concerns in the procurement plan has become a legal requirement (Arrowsmith, Linarelli, Wallace, 2000).The inclusion of such issues in the acquisition agenda in an appropriate manner is important since they can be legitimately be integrated into contracts and as a result assist in furthering an institutions procurement policies. Therefore it is vital for Algonquin College to incorporate social and environmental concerns in their procurement strategy. Objectives The institution seeks to enhance the value proposition by the incorporation of social-economic and environmental considerations into the procurement strategy. Besides, the procurement administrators intend to mention social-economic issues they want to incorporate in the agenda in the contract notice and tender documents. Statement of Action Algonquin College will place the inclusion of social-economic and environmental factors at the forefront of the procurement strategy. This practice will aid a lot in improving the value proportion of the institution since it will directly benefit the local economy in a substantial sense upon the implementation of the procurement strategy. Some of the factors the supply management team will include in the contract notice and tender documents include economic climate, government policy among other environmental outlines (Great Britain Great Britain, 2009). References Abramson, M. A., Harris, R. S. (2003). The procurement revolution. Lanham [md.: Rowman Littlefield. Arrowsmith, S. L., Linarelli, J., Wallace, D. (2000). Regulating public procurement: National and international perspectives. The Hague [u.a: Kluwer Law International. Dominick, C., Lunney, S. (2012). The procurement game plan. Boca Raton, Fla: J. Ross. Great Britain., Great Britain. (2009). Greening government: Sixth report of session 2008-09 : report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence. London: Stationery Office. In Cruz-Cunha, M. M., In Moreira, F., In Varajao, J. (2014). Handbook of research on enterprise 2.0: Technological, social, and organizational dimensions. In Edquist, C., In Vonortas, N. S., In Zabala-Iturriagagoitia, J. M., In Edler, J. (2016). Public procurement for innovation. McCue, C. P., Johnson, B. R. (2010). Strategic procurement planning in the public sector. Herndon, Va: National Institute of Government Purchasing. Mosey, D., Wiley InterScience (Online service). (2009). Early contractor involvement in building procurement: Contracts, partnering and project management. Chichester, West Sussex: Ames, Iowa. Olson, D. L., Wu, D. D. (2010). Enterprise risk management models. Heidelberg: Springer. Russill, R. (2010). A short guide to procurement risk. Farnham: Gower.